Anorexics and Angels - Literature Essay Samples

In Franz Kafkas A Hunger Artist and in Gabriel Garcia Marquezs A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings, an understanding of the cruelty of mankind is revealed through an examination of the themes and the characters in both of their stories. Although these stories are both written in two different styles, there are a few common threads within them that make them interesting to compare. By comparing these two stories one is able to fully understand the struggles incurred by those individuals who are different from what society considers being normal. The first area within these stories that shares this common thread is the theme of both stories. Kafka and Marquez both focus on societys fascination with things that are different and unique. However, the theme does not stop there, because in both stories the individuals who are unique are both mistreated. In A Hunger Artist, the hunger artist is unique because of his ability to fast for long periods of time. In fact, people in towns would pa y money just to have the pleasure of watching him do nothing in his cage, but starve. They wanted to make sure that he did not eat. In fact, they even hired permanent watchers whose only task was to watch the hunger artist day and night, three of them at a time, in case he should have some secret recourse to nourishment (Kafka 197). The children were also fascinated by the hunger artists ability to refuse food, however, for their elders he was often just a joke that happened to be in fashion (Kafka 196). Instead of respecting the hunger artist for his self-control, the public trivialized his job. He was placed among the animals at the circus, as nothing more than a freak show. The way the people in the towns treated the hunger artist shows that society abuses those people who are unique for their own entertainment. In the story A Very Old Many with Enormous Wings, the same theme of societys cruelty is also displayed by an old man who looks like an angel. The individual in this story has no specific talent like the hunger artist. He just happens to be a man who does not fit into the normal mold of society. When he is found by Pelayo, he was dressed like a ragpicker. There were only a few faded hairs left on his bald skull and very few teeth in his mouth (Marquez 441). However, the most abnormal thing about him is not these things, it is the fact that he has enormous wings. When Pelayo and his wife, Elisenda, first notice the mans wings, their first reaction is to immediately conclude that the man must be an angel. Therefore, the neighbor woman suggests clubbing the man to death. This is a prime example of the typical reaction of society to abnormal things: dispose of them. Although Pelayo and Elisenda do not have the heart to kill the man, Pelayo decides to lock the man up in the chicken coop. Once word gets out of this so-called angel, people from all over begin to flock to the chicken coop to gawk at the angel. Once again Pelayo and Elisenda abuse the man. Th ey charge people money to look at him, and in turn make a profit off of a human being just because he is different. Pelayo and his wife are not the only people who abuse the old man. The people who come to look at him also abuse him. The very first day the old man is found, Pelayo and Elisenda find the neighbors tossing him things to eat through the wire as if he werent a supernatural creature but a circus animal (Marquez 441). [T]he cripples pulled out feathers to touch their defective parts with, and even the most merciful threw stones at him, trying to get him to rise so they could see him standing (Marquez 443). The most awful thing they did to the man is when they burned his side with an iron for branding steers (Marquez 443). All of these things are done to this man, just because he does not meet the publics stereotypes for how a normal person should behave and look. Since the people have never seen anything like this before, they automatically treat the man like he is not a h uman being, but rather an animal. Although the hunger artist has no physical differences, this is exactly the way he is treated too. People are intrigued by his differences, and treat him in an inhumane way. The theme of these two stories it not their only similarity. These two stories main characters also show similarities in their daily lives. The first similarity they share is the fact that they are both locked up for the public to view. The hunger artist lives in a small, barred cage (Kafka 196). This is so the public can view him at their leisure, and to ensure that he will not sneak food. The old man also lives in a cage. However, his cage is a little different from the hunger artists cage. He is put in the chicken coop. This was originally intended for safe keeping overnight. However, when Pelayo and his wife see the neighbors reaction to the old man, they decide to keep him in the chicken coop. The next area of similarity in their daily lives is the fact that neither of them talks to those looking at them. The hunger artist does not respond to any of the attention that the onlookers give him. Instead, he sometimes [gave] a courteous nod, [answered] questions with a constrained smile, or perhaps [stretched] an arm through the bars. [H]e paid no attention to anyone or anything (Kafka 197). The old man with the wings also chooses not to communicate with the people gawking at him. This greatly frustrates the local priest, Father Gonzaga, who determines that the man cannot be an angel since he does not respond to Father Gonzagas Latin. The old man talks only one time in an incomprehensible dialect (Marquez 441). It is plain to see that neither the hunger artist nor the old man has any desire to communicate with the onlookers. The third area of similarity in their daily lives is that fact that both men stay in their cages at their own will. The hunger artist chose his profession. He enjoys what he does. In fact, the hunger artist desires to be allowed to fas t for longer than 40 days. He feels, [w]hy should he be cheated of the fame he would get for fasting longerÃâ€"since he felt that there were no limits to his capacity for fasting? (Kafka 198). To the hunger artist, fasting is an honor. The old man also stayed in the chicken coop at his own will. Pelayo does not have anyone guard the chicken coop, so the man is theoretically free to leave whenever he feels like it. The old man proves this by the fact that once the chicken coop is destroyed he still stays with Pelayo and Elisenda. He moves to the shed where he sleeps, and goes in their house during the day, against Elisendas will. This shows that both the hunger artist and the old man desire to be in the cages, even though they are both free to leave when they please. The final similarity in both characters daily lives is they are both popular until a new attraction comes along. The hunger artist is an attraction that people actually pay to see. They would have a parade for him when he ended his fast, and beautiful women would help him out of the cage. However, the people are only interested in the hunger artist until a new attraction comes along. This new attraction is the animals at the circus. The throngs of people only pass by the hunger artist on their way to see the menagerie. This happens with the old man as well. He is the main attraction for a while, but one day a better attraction comes along. This new attraction is a woman who has been changed into a spider. The crowds of people flock to see her, because [t]he admission to see her was not only less than the admission to see the angel, but people were permitted to ask her all manner of questions (Marquez 443). Since the old man does not talk to the people, the spider woman is more appealing than the old man is. Just like the hunger artist, the old man is only popular until something newer, and more bizarre comes along. Kafka and Marquez both address a principle of human behavior: the weirder, or more absurd something is the better the public will like it. Both of these authors offers a new insight into this principle by allowing the reader to view this principle through the eyes of the à «freak show. By doing this the authors allow the reader to feel not only the fascination of the crowd, but also the pain of the individual being taken advantage of. Both of these stories make the reader rethink their views on entertainment at another human beings expense.

Adolf Hitler The Most Unforgivable Actions Essay

CRE 101 11/26/16 Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler is most generally known for the most unforgivable actions that he dedicated in his lifetime. Those functions were dreadful and left a scratch on the globe that can never be repaired. However, Adolf Hitler did have the excessive elegance of sophistication. He was impressive and intelligent, but as his thoughts were discolored and as he converted against non-Aryans eventually, the likelihood of using his elegance to be a specialist gradually drifted from his thoughts. He was initially a young man who shifted to Vienna to become a specialist, but his goals modified to something completely different. On Apr 20, 1889, Adolf Hitler was designed in Braunau am Inn, Austria-Hungary, a city situated on the boundaries of Luxembourg and Hungary. He was the 4th child of Alois Hitler, a customized official who was 51 years of age at the date of Adolf s beginning and his significant other was 28. Adolf had an older sister, Paula; a half sibling which was his brother, Alois; who was his sister, and Angela. Six decades after Adolf had been born into this world, his dad retired and shifted to Linz, Austria where Adolf obtained excellently represents in his elementary school, but he was unsuccessful in high school; Adolf s severe, short-tempered dad was upset about how badly he did in his high school and wanted him to join the military, not an artist like his son desired to be. Later, he wrote: I yawned and grew sick to my stomach at the thought ofShow MoreRelatedAdolf Hitler And The Barbaric Acts Of Prejudice1134 Words   |  5 PagesAdolf Hitler is most commonly known for the unforgivable ac ts of prejudice he committed throughout the course of his life. His abysmal actions left a scar on the world that could never be healed. However, Hitler possessed extreme intelligence and vocational skills. Although innovative and bright, he became corrupt as he turned against non-Aryans. His dream of pursuing his desire to be an artist slowly drifted from his mind as visions of a pure bred mother Germany came into focus. Hitler’s significantRead MoreThe Use Of Mass Media On The World Of Jews1495 Words   |  6 Pagescome to accept fiction, repeated a thousand times over, as reality. Yet they have never seen Hitler, never spoken to him, never heard a word from his mouth. The very name Hitler immediately conjures up a grimacing devil, the fount of all of one’s negative emotions† (Moses). The proceeding quote, a few lines from Hitler Triumphant by Matthew Moses, tells Adolf Hitler is most commonly known for the unforgivable deeds that he committed in his lifetime. Those acts were terrible and left a scar on the worldRead MoreForgiving but Not Forgetting1272 Words   |  6 Pages Calling the Holocaust a crime against humanity may be more than fitting, but to say that it is unforgivable may be a slight stretch. Simon Weisenthals, The Sunflower, discusses the authors experience in the concentration camps during the Nazi Germany era and how a dying S.S. officer, Karl Seidl, changed his perspective on the Nazis as a whole. Forgiveness is understanding the offender’s actions and leaving the past behind to make for a better future as it is the more humane thing to do; forRead MoreAdolf Hitler, the Child:3008 Words   |  13 PagesRUNNING HEAD: Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler, the Child: A Look at the Childhood Development of Adolf Hitler Eileen Callahan GEN 505. Adult Human Development Adolf Hitler, the Child Adolf Hitler was dictator, murderer, and the Chancellor of the German Reich. Hitler used his position as Chancellor to act upon his own ideologies and biases. He led a nation into the murder of innocent Jewish people, seeing his actions as self-righteous. Hitler’s mental state can not easily be explained; nonethelessRead MoreThe Holocaust : A Universal Tragedy1783 Words   |  8 Pagesonly after the Second World War in 1948 the term got the legal status. (Doris Bergen, The Holocaust) However the disappointments in Jew nation was coming from the ancient times, â€Å"at the heart of Christian hatred was rage inspired by one unforgivable crime: the Jews had killed Christ.† â€Å"But where they were needed, Jews were tolerated.† – and, of course, it was in economic sphere, where Jews functions were vital for trading. â€Å"Jews had lived in Europe for more than two thousand years, ever

The Risk Factors For Suicidal Ideation - 2194 Words

I will discuss how pain affects one s life and how the way one copes affect his or her pain. Further, I will explore the risk factors for suicidal ideation, the impact of positive and negative emotions on pain perception, sleep disruption in relation to pain, and the importance of one expressing his or her pain as separate from his or her identity. It was concluded that positive emotions, support from family and friends, expressing one s internal world, and maintaining a social scene are important for those suffering from chronic pain. Factors that Contribute to Chronic Pain and Methods of Coping and Improving Quality of Life A large population of individuals experience chronic pain and it often affects every aspect of their existence.†¦show more content†¦Indications of Suicidality and Preventative Measures Because of the lasting nature of chronic pain, one who is suffering from it may feel depressed and even suicidal. Research suggests that there is an increased risk of suicidal ideation among individuals with chronic pain (Wilson, Kowal, Henderson, McWilliams, Pe loquin 2013, para. 1). Moreover, it is hypothesized that for an individual the risk is higher if he or she feels isolated or that he or she is a burden to others (Wilson et al. 2013, para. 2). Such predictions appear to be plausible as lasting pain has a tendency to impede greatly on one s social life. Further, it is important to note that studies have also indicated that pain severity and suicidal ideation do not always correlate (Wilson et al. 2013, para. 20). In other words, someone with severe pain may not experience suicidal ideation, but someone with mild pain may experience suicidal ideation. This finding is important as one may assume that a higher level of pain equals a higher likelihood of suicidal thoughts and actions, but this may not always be the case. Thus, it is important that health professionals as well as friends and family members caring for those suffering from chronic pain acknowledge their suffering even if their pain is not categorized as severe. Other preventative measures to suicide

Continuous Professional Development Course â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Continuous Professional Development Course? Answer: Introduction The assignment aims to analyse the position statement on Continuous Professional Development. The purpose is to provide constructive feedback using the framework guide. The position statement in the article, Continuous Professional Development (CPD) is a mandatory requirement to maintain a nurses registration, to ensure they are able to maintain and enhance their knowledge, skills and performance to deliver safe patient care. Yet the minimum number of hours required is difficult for many nurses to attain, and can take away from the time needed for patient care is clearly stated. The title of the paper is lengthy. It could have looked better with concise title (McMillan Schumacher, 2014). However, the topic itself gives overview to the readers and is interesting to grab the readers attention. The position statement is highlighting the two different viewpoints related to continuous professional development. On one hand, it is emphasised that it is necessary for the nurses to have certain CPD hours, to deliver high quality patient care. On the other hand, it focus on the difficulty to attend the minimum hours of CPD for nurses as it may reduce time fo r patients. The position statement has succinct introduction and conclusion and is well structured. The position statement does not deviate from the topic. It attracts the readers attention to read the full text of the paper. The author of the article has laid good focus on registered nurses and why it is important for them to achieve the CPD hours. Each of the arguments pertaining to CPD and the registered nurse is well linked with the NMBA Registered Nurse Standards for Practice. The paper well demonstrates the fact that NMBA standards support this position and the same is comprehensively discussed. Relevant references are used in the position statement, giving evidence of the arguments being supported. The evidence aligns with the topic and al the recent references are used. It is indicative of authentic and reliable information that is supporting the position statement (McMillan Schumacher, 2014). The references are current and credible as some of them are taken from Australian government websites. Websites like www.nursingmiswiferyboard.gov.au, www.ahpra.gov.au give updated information on the chosen area of discussion. It is evident from this supporting literature, that the author of the potion statement has conducted in depth research. Therefore, the content of the article is convincing to the readers. Academic integrity is highlighted by the use of credible sources (Rahimi et al., 2017). The information provided in each paragraph is flawless and is consistent with respect to the topic. Al the details pertaining to the CPD such as , the hours required for learning activities in CPD, statement on national law, and the instructions of Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency is highlighted. The arguments in favour of CPD such as why the mentioned CPD hours are mandatory are highlighted. In this regard the author has highlighted all the NMBA standards, that are most appropriate in this case. In this case, it includes standards 2.4, 2.7, 3.3, 3.7, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2. All of them are supported with in text citations and relevant to the topic (Thomson, 2016). The arguments against attending 20 hours of CPD is also well justified. Factors such as work stress, busy schedule, overload, and the outcomes of not attending the CPD hours is discussed briefly. It would have been more better to give an insight into to the type of CPD activities registered nurses could engage (Carl son Bengtsson, 2015). Conclusion In conclusion, the data is accurate and there is no need of adding any external references as the academic honesty is not compromised. The information overall is clear and consistent with the topic. References Carlson, E., Bengtsson, M. (2015). Perceptions of preceptorship in clinical practice after completion of a continuous professional development course- a qualitative study Part II. BMC Nursing, 14, 41. Retrieved from https://go.galegroup.com.ezproxy2.acu.edu.au/ps/i.do?p=AONEsw=wu=ac 8 univ=2.1it=rid=GALE%7CA423755598asid=9bcd89746aaaf0d2c58b 972779402d19 McMillan, J. H., Schumacher, S. (2014).Research in education: Evidence-based inquiry. Pearson Higher Ed. Rahimi, Z., Litman, D., Correnti, R., Wang, E., Matsumura, L. C. (2017). Assessing Students Use of Evidence and Organization in Response-to-Text Writing: Using Natural Language Processing for Rubric-Based Automated Scoring.International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 1-35. Thomson, P. (2016). Writing the introduction to a journal article: say what the reader is going to encounter and why it is important.Impact of Social Sciences Blog.

Wwii Atomic Bombs Essays - Atomic Bombings Of Hiroshima And Nagasaki

Wwii Atomic Bombs WWII Atomic Bombs When the atomic bomb went off over Hiroshima on Aug. 6th, 1945, 70,000 lives were ended in a flash. To the American people who were weary from the long and brutal war, such a drastic measure seemed a necessary, even righteous way to end the madness that was World War II. However, the madness had just begun. That August morning was the day that heralded the dawn of the nuclear age, and with it came more than just the loss of lives. According to Archibald MacLeish, a U.S. poet, What happened at Hiroshima was not only that a scientific breakthrough . . . had occurred and that a great part of the population of a city had been burned to death, but that the problem of the relation of the triumphs of modern science to the human purposes of man had been explicitly defined. The entire globe was now to live with the fear of total annihilation, the fear that drove the cold war, the fear that has forever changed world politics. The fear is real, more real today than ever, for the ease at which a nuclear bomb is achieved in this day and age sparks fear in the hearts of most people on this planet. According to General Douglas MacArthur, We have had our last chance. If we do not devise some greater and more equitable system, Armageddon will be at our door. The decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japanese citizens in August, 1945, as a means to bring the long Pacific war to an end was justified-militarily, politically and morally. The goal of waging war is victory with minimum losses on one's own side and, if possible, on the enemy's side. No one disputes the fact that the Japanese military was prepared to fight to the last man to defend the home islands, and indeed had already demonstrated this determination in previous Pacific island campaigns. A weapon originally developed to contain a Nazi atomic project was available that would spare Americans hundreds of thousands of causalities in an invasion of Japan, and-not incidentally-save several times more than that among Japanese soldiers and civilians. The thousands who have died in the atomic attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki were far less than would have died in an allied invasion, and their sudden deaths convinced the Japanese military to surrender. Every nation has an interest in being at peace with other nations, but there has never been a time when the world was free of the scourge of war. Hence, peaceful nations must always have adequate military force at their disposal in order to deter or defeat the aggressive designs of rogue nations. The United States was therefore right in using whatever means were necessary to defeat the Japanese empire in the war which the latter began, including the use of superior or more powerful weaponry-not only to defeat Japan but to remain able following the war to maintain peace sufficiently to guarantee its own existence. A long, costly and bloody conflict is a wasteful use of a nation's resources when quicker, more decisive means are available. Japan was not then-or later-the only nation America had to restrain, and an all-out U.S. invasion of Japan would have risked the victory already gained in Europe in the face of the palpable thereat of Soviet domination. Finally, we can never forget the maxim of Edmund Burke: The only thing necessary for the triumph of evil is that good men do nothing. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor brought us into a war which we had vainly hoped to avoid. We could no longer do nothing but were compelled to do something to roll back the Japanese militarists. Victims of aggression have every right both to end the aggression and to prevent the perpetrator of it from continuing or renewing it. Our natural right of self defense as well as our moral duty to defeat tyranny justified our decision to wage the war and, ultimately, to drop the atomic bomb. We should expect political leaders to be guided by moral principles but this does not mean they must subject millions of people to needless injury or death out of a misplaced concern for the safety of enemy soldiers or civilians. President Truman's decision to deploy atomic power in Japan revealed a man who understood the moral issues at stake and who had the courage

Comparison and contrast of exploratory, descriptive and causal research designs giving examples

Comparison and contrast of exploratory, descriptive and causal research designs giving examples Research design is a tool that is used in carrying out marketing researches. The design is supposed to give in detail the procedures that are supposed to be followed to solve problems that marketing researches present. The major approaches used in researches include exploratory, causal, and exploratory research designs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison and contrast of exploratory, descriptive and causal research designs giving examples specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Information requirements, measures, and scales have to be spelt out clearly. Sampling process, sample size, and data analysis plans also feature prominently as components of the three research designs (Collins, Sutton and Onwuegbuzie 2006) Descriptive research design Descriptive research design is mainly used to describe a behavior or type of subject. It not intended to look for specific relationships between variables neither does it correlat e variables. Its major set back is that it cannot identify cause because its setting is completely natural. Moreover, it has all the variables present. Descriptive research design is an asset to a researcher because a lot of information can be acquired through description. For purposes of identification of variables and hypothetical constructs which can be subjected to further investigations using other means, descriptive research design come in handy. Some of its advantages include the ability of its descriptions to be used to indirectly test theory or model behaviors that cannot be studied using any other means (Creswell 1998). Categories of descriptive design include surveys and observational studies. Field surveys feature prominently under surveys. Under this, the participants are expected to fill in the questionnaires or be subjected to interviews in natural settings. Much attention should be devoted to construction and content validity of the questionnaires; the scores must be reliable; the questions should be clear and precise hence mutually exclusive answers; the interviewer must be consistent and controlled in his or her behavior; and the order of questions as they appear in the questionnaire have to be counterbalanced. This helps in identifying and controlling one sided responses. Finally, field surveyors have to pay attention to concrete behaviors that naà ¯ve respondents describe accurately. Surveys are quite often mailed or facilitated through phone calls. Surveys conducted through mails involve questionnaires that are relatively long. It takes some time before these mails are returned. However, not all of them can be returned but 50% return rate is normally okay for the survey.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Inclusion of cover letter, giving survey a face validity, asking brief questions, guaranteeing rewards, and sending a re minder will only ensure that the return rate of the mails is enhanced. Telephones are credited for having higher response rate. The telephone interviewers normally use structured and closely ended questions (Fraenkel and Wallen 2003). The introduction of telephone interviews have to be straight to the point and friendly. It is usually assumed that participants who fail to participate in phone interviews may be busy or guarded. When it comes to identifying the population and samples to participate in surveys, all subgroups have too be identified without any element of bias. Random or stratified random sampling techniques are preferred. However, other sapling techniques like cluster sampling, convenience sampling, quota sampling, snowball sampling can be used. Potential biases that are encountered in field survey include: by the time the interviewer is calling the respondent may not be in a mood to talk, there may be biasness on the side of those who have accepted to take part in the view (such volunteers may be opinionated or bored), there may be a silent majority, and the way one feels today may not be the same as the way he will feel tomorrow. Survey results are normally analyzed using descriptive statistics. This helps in checking significant correlations in responses gotten from different questions. In observational studies, descriptions normally rely on observations made on the subjects. General techniques used here are naturalistic observation, systematic naturalistic observation, and participant observation. Naturalistic observation is unstructured and unsystematic. It entails observation of a wide range of behaviors. Systematic naturalistic observation is systematic and looks into specific behaviors. Participant observation requires that the investigator infiltrate the group he or she is observing. The observer acts like a spy agent whose true identity and purpose cannot be known (Creswell 2005). The major advantage of observation studies is that it is absolutely natural. It does not therefore demand characteristics. Its disadvantages are unavailability of informed consent, it relies on convenience samples, the data used is mostly qualitative as there is much of verbal descriptions and observations made visually.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison and contrast of exploratory, descriptive and causal research designs giving examples specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Observation studies are supposed to help in identifying variables which are valuable in indirect tests of models and predictions. In order to decrease bias in observation studies, well defined scoring criteria has to be developed, time sampling technique must be used, there have to be multiple observers, double blind procedures have to be used, and for purpose of increasing external validity, it is imperative that random samples are obtained. Exploratory research design Exploratory research design is normally used in research whose purpose involves inquiry into new products that should be developed, how the product appeal will enhance its advertising, and how the existing services can be improved. Research questions in exploratory research design border on the alternative ways that exist that can be used for example to provide lunch for school children, the kind of benefits people stand to get from the product, and the nature of dissatisfaction the customer may be getting from the product in the case of marketing research. The hypothesis here has unknown constructs. The hypothesis also suspects that the major problem in the study could be impersonalization. Causal research design The purpose of this research design in marketing research perspective is to ascertain whether an increase in the service staff ca be profitable, which advertising program for public transit is suitable, and whether new budget should be contemplated. The research questions here touch on the correlati on between size of staff offering services and the revenue that is accrued. What do people stand to get from cars and the public transport. Comparison of the three research designs The major objective of exploratory research design is to discover ideas and insights where as in descriptive research design involves describing market aspects and functions. Nevertheless, causal research design tries to determine the cause-effect relationships in the research one is conducting. A major feature of exploratory design is its flexibility, its adaptability, and the front end of total research design. However, descriptive research design is marked by past formulation of specific hypotheses from observations and studies. This design is pre-planned and structured. Causal research approach can proceed through one or more independent variables. Other mediating variables that fall under this design can also be controlled. An exploratory research approach entails the use of surveys, case studies, in formation from other studies, and qualitative analyses. In contrast, a descriptive research approach uses information from other studies, panels, analyses, and observation. Causal research design strictly uses experiments.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References List Collins, K. M. T., Onwuegbuzie, A. J., Sutton, I. L., 2006, A model incorporating the rationale and purpose for conducting mixed methods research in special education and beyond, Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, vol.4, pp.  67-100. Creswell, J. W., 1998,Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among the five  traditions. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Creswell, J. W., 2005, Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating  quantitative and qualitative research (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., 2003, How to design and evaluate research in  education (5th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill.

A Look At Issue Of Homosexuality Religion Essay

A Look At Issue Of Homosexuality Religion Essay The response of the church to the issue of homosexuality is problematic; it is so because homosexuality now has become so evident and conspicuous. It is shocking how people are coming out in the open as being homosexual and how it is being discussed openly and even receives sympathy from some quarters in the church. The obvious fact is that it can no longer be ignored. In this paper I will discuss how the church in Africa should respond to this problem. ANALYSIS OF CONTROVERSY Homosexuality is a legal offence in most African countries, although in recent years there are attempts to legalize it in some countries, but it is legal in most American states. This is why it is a controversy to the Anglican Communion which is world wide. The definition of homosexuality according to Woods Jr (1968, p.135) â€Å"the word homosexual can be used to refer to various subtle gradations of erotic attraction or involvement between members of the same sex.† The moralist would dismiss moral obj ections on homosexuality basing on natural law, which they say natural law assumes that the structure of male and female genitals determine their function sexually. The early church also criticized same sex practices, for example Gagnon (2001,p.163) puts it very well that † Jews, like Greek and Roman critics of Homosexuality, rejected it on the ground that it was against nature, that is apart from the fact that the law forbade same-sex intercourse.† He says there are four reasons why only intercourse between male and female was considered to be in accordance with nature. The first he says is that there is no procreation in Homosexual intercourse and the second reason is that it is an affront to how God designed the male and female organs. The third reason is that there is no natural erotic passion in Homosexual sex says Gagnon and the last he says is that not even animals practice Homosexual intercourse. But some scholars would argue that apart from reproduction purposes , sex serves a number of functions. According to Woods Jr. (1968) â€Å"the judgment that sex is only for reproduction is as limited to an agrarian, low-population economy as the judgment that pearl are valuable is to a consumer economy.† The Lambeth conference resolution number 1.10 of 1998 states that in view of the teaching of scripture, that marriage should be between a man and a woman in a life long union, it recognized that there were persons who experienced themselves as having a homosexual orientation. Some of these people are church members and therefore need pastoral care, moral direction and God’s transforming power. The resolution was to listen to the experience of the homosexual persons and ensure them that God loves them. Although they called for the ministry of the pastoral care to all irrespective of sexual orientation, the resolution did not advise the legitimizing or blessing of the same sex union nor ordaining those in same gender union. Some would a rgue that in the Bible it is not clear what they meant by homosexuality. For example Bishop David Russell in his leaf let (page 3) wrote that the Biblical writers never ever contemplated the kind of homosexual that we are contemplating today, the Partnerships we are seeking to have affirmed in our time. I do not agree with him and others who think in these lines because the Bible is very clear on homosexuality. In Leviticus 20 :13, it is very clear that a man who has sexual relations with another man, both should be put to death because they have done repulsive thing. The other text, which condemns homosexuality in the New Testament, is Romans 1:26-27 and 1 Corinthians 6:9-10. it is therefore very clear that homosexuality is condemned in the Bible. If the homosexual of the Bible (Leviticus 20:13) is same as the homosexual of today, then homosexuality is an ancient form of sexual perversion.